Some pregnant women already have hypertension before
pregnancy, while others start with pregnancy. In total, about 10 percent of all
pregnancies occur hypertension. It is important to regularly monitor blood
pressure in order to diagnose hypertensive diseases during pregnancy and to
plan follow-up and treatment.
Situations
with hypertension during pregnancy can occur in 5 different ways:
- Chronic
hypertension: In this case, high blood pressure exists before pregnancy.
If high blood pressure is detected above 140/90 before the 20th week of
pregnancy or if the high blood pressure postpartum detected after the 20th week
has not yet improved in the 12th week, this is considered as chronic
hypertension.
-
Gestational hypertension: In this case, high blood pressure starts after the
20th week of pregnancy and the postpartum returns to normal before the 12th
week. Unlike preeclampsia, proteinuria is not accompanied by gestational
hypertension.
-
Preeclampsia: Diagnosis is made by accompanying the criteria specified in
gestational hypertension with proteinuria. If protein excretion in urine
exceeds 300 mg in 24 hours, the physiological limit in pregnancy has been
exceeded (+1 dipstic). Edema often accompanies preclampsia, but it is not a diagnostic
criterion, edema is not necessary for the diagnosis of preeclampsia. There may
also be edema without preeclampsia.
-
Superimposed preeclampsia: In addition to the presence of chronic hypertension,
it is a more exacerbation of high blood pressure and proteinuria during
pregnancy. This is the worst prognosis hypertensive disease during pregnancy.
Eclampsia: It is the
case of convulsions (seizures) in the patient with preeclampsia.
Treatment
of hypertension during pregnancy:
If the blood pressure does not rise to dangerous values,
pregnancy may be allowed to continue until the birth begins. Meanwhile, blood
pressure lowering medications can sometimes be used. If severe preeclampsia or
eclampsia develops, the only treatment is delivery. The decision to give birth
to the baby is made by considering the risks of the mother and the risks that
the baby carries in the womb and the risks that she will encounter after birth.
Sometimes cesarean may be needed. Antihypertensive drugs such as alfametyldopa,
calcium channel blockers, hydralazine, labetalol, nitroglycerin are used.
Magnesium sulfate is used to prevent convulsions (eclampsia) due to
hypertensive diseases.
-IODINE DEFICIENCY IN PREGNANCY
-STOMACH ULCER AND GASTRITIS IN PREGNANCY
-HEREDITARY THROMBOPHILIA AND PREGNANCY
-PREEKLAMPSY IN PREGNANCY
