Syphilis is a disease caused by a bacterium called Treponema
Pallidum. Syphilis is most commonly transmitted by sexual contact. Syphilis can
also be seen during pregnancy and is the most common infection that causes
fetal death. Syphilis infection during pregnancy can pass from mother to baby
through the placenta. Transition is possible at every stage of the sphile, but
the easiest is at the secondary stage. The placenta becomes pale and big in the
sprout infection.
For the diagnosis of perinatal infection, DNA detection can
be used in the amniotic fluid by PCR, but in some cases DNA cannot be detected
even though the fetus is infected.
T.Pallidum can be seen in the lesions by dark field
microscopy. T. Pallidum cannot be seen unpainted under a normal microscope. It
is a mobile spirochet. T. Pallidum cannot be produced in medium and tissue
culture.
Serological tests are most commonly used for diagnosis
(treponemal antibodies and non-treponomal antibodies).
Effects of
syphilis infection on the fetus during pregnancy:
- Preterm delivery
- Perinatal death
- Low birth weight
- IUGR
- stillbirth
- Hidrops
- Acid
Findings
that can be seen in the baby after birth:
- Rash
- Keratitis
- Hutchinson teeth
- Saddle nose
- Skeletal system anomalies
- Neurological involvement
- Deafness
- Hepatosplenomegaly
- Thrombocytopenia
- Anemia
- Jaundice
- Myocarditis
The fever, rash, hypotension, headache, myalgia ablax arising
with syphilis treatment is called the Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction. This table
can cause uterine contractions and trigger preterm labor.
The antibiotic used primarily in the treatment of syphilis
during pregnancy is penicillin.
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