BREECH PRESENTATION

Abnormally, the baby enters the birth canal with his hips or legs. Infants, which appear to be inversely during the first months and mid months of pregnancy, often rotate until the last month and come to a flat position. Breech presentation is observed in 3-4% of pregnant women whose birth time is approaching.
Causes, risk factors:
- Prematurity is the most important risk factor.
- Polar placentation (Placenta previa or placement in the fundus)
- Oligohydramnios
- Polyhydramnios
- Myotonic dystrophy
- Congenital anomalies (Hydrocephalus, anencephaly)
- Chromosomal anomalies (trisomy 21, 28, 13)
- Twin, triplet pregnancy
- Grand multiparite (having more than 5 births)
- Having had breech births before
- Uterine anomalies
- Pelvic tumors
There are 3 types of breech arrival according to hip and foot condition: Frank breech = the most common type, full breech, footling.
This can be understood in ultrasound performed before birth.
The pregnancies with breech arrival can be delivered normally or vaginally according to various criteria. The following criteria may not always be sufficient. As with every birth, the mother's examination and ultrasound evaluation determine the decision. Today, babies with breech presentation are mostly delivered by cesarean section. Sometimes, when there is no risk, normal delivery is performed, especially in women who have given birth before.
Normal (vaginal) delivery is recommended when:
- Pure breech type,
- Pregnancies over the 34th week,
- If the estimated birth weight is between 2000-3500grams,
- if the baby has no congenital disease,
- the birth action has progressed,
- if the maternal pelvis is not narrow.
In breech presentation, various maneuvers such as Pinard maneuver, Mauriceau maneuver, Modified Praque maneuver can be applied.
Cesarean delivery is recommended when:
- Full breech presentation,
- footling presentation,
- early birth,
- big baby,
- Serious IUGR,
- the head is hyperextended,
- pelvic stenosis
Complications and risks of breech presentation:
Some risks and dangers that increase compared to normal pregnancies if the baby is up-down are listed below. These dangers do not occur in all babies who are rectally born, or that are born upside down.
- Umbilical Cord Prolapse
- Dystocia
- Increase in cesarean rate
- Laceration in the birth canal
- Uterine atony
- Humerus, clavicle, femur fracture in the fetus
- Brachial plexus injury
- Testicular damage to the fetus, brain damage, intracranial bleeding, asphyxia
How to understand if the baby is upside down during pregnancy?
It is not possible for the expectant mother to understand this. Ultrasound is sufficient to understand the baby's breech presentation or head down.
How does the baby turn upside down?
A significant portion of the babies who are upside down in the womb during pregnancy will recover spontaneously in the following months. There is nothing the mother or doctor can do to help the baby recover. The baby can turn by itself. It is inconvenient to put pressure on the womb and make dangerous movements to correct the baby, that is, to turn upside down. Since the baby grows larger as the months of gestation progress, the area in the uterus narrows and the chance of the baby to return decreases. However, there may be babies returning even in the last days of pregnancy.
What to do if the baby is upside down?
If there is no other problem during pregnancy, there is nothing that can be done, except to continue with the pregnancy follow-ups regularly and to discuss with your doctor about the way of birth, depending on whether the baby is turning or not.
When are breech presentation babies born?
Breech presentation does not change the duration of birth. Breech presentation is not at higher risk of being born early or late. The average delivery time is the same as for head down babies.
Breech presentation babies are born between 37-40 weeks with normal birth or cesarean.


Facebook Comments

Subscribe to: Post Comments (Atom)

Popular Posts