MOTHER AND BREAST CARE AFTER BIRTH

Most women are discharged from the hospital 48 hours after vaginal delivery, 48 or 72 hours after cesarean delivery and sent to their home. The main points related to postnatal mother care are:
1-2 hours after birth, the mother should be raised. This reduces constipation and problems with the bladder, and inaction-related balls prevent blood clotting inside the veins. However, these mothers should avoid heavy work.
Nutrition after birth: The daily nutritional requirement of a nursing mother is 2600-2800 kcal. Protein foods, fruits, vegetables, dairy products and 4 liters of water should be consumed daily.
To prevent constipation after birth, plenty of fluids should be taken orally, foods with pulp should be consumed and if necessary, laxatives should be used by doctors.
After delivery, the patient can take a bath on the 3rd day. It should preferably be washed in a standing position. After bath, cesarean section and episiotomy line should be kept clean and dry. From the second day after birth, sitting baths are safe, but care should be taken not to allow water to enter the vagina.
Perineum care after birth: After the toilet need is met, cleaning should be done from front to back and if there is an episiotomy, great care should be taken to avoid contact with this area. Antiseptic solutions should be used for the first few days. Putting an ice pack in the perineum 1-2 hours after episiotomy can reduce edema and pain. The application of hot and wet compresses to the perineum 24 hours after birth provides great relief. If pain persists despite local applications, paracetamol-type painkillers that are not harmful to the baby can be used as recommended by doctors.
Sexual intercourse after birth: In approximately 50% of postpartum women, sexual desire starts from the third week. After a successful birth and episiotomy, sexual intercourse can be started from the 3rd week if desired. However, dyspareunia (pain during intercourse) can be seen in 50% of women who started the relationship before the sixth week and this can continue for up to one year.
Breast care after birth: If possible, the baby should be breastfed by the mother within half an hour immediately after birth. Breastfeeding should be done in order for both breasts, before and after breastfeeding, and especially the nipples should be cleaned with warm water. Breastfeeding should be done 8-10 times a day for the first two weeks, and each breastfeeding period should not exceed 5 minutes. While breastfeeding provides milk, it prevents milk from accumulating in the breast and causing tension and pain in the breast. For nipple cracks, creams and pomades that doctors can recommend can be used. If the nipples are too small or slanted and therefore the baby cannot suck, the silicone nipples can be used or milk is provided in sterile containers and given to the baby with a bottle. The rest of the milk is stored in the refrigerator.
Algorithm: It is a condition seen in the first week after birth, which is manifested by pain and swelling due to the widening of the vessels due to blood accumulation and excessive accumulation of milk in the breast. Breastfeeding should be ensured by feeding the baby frequently. Paracetamol-type drugs can be applied cold pressure. If necessary, milk should be emptied manually or with electric pumps.


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