Encephalocele (cephalocele) is the outflow of brain tissue
through an opening in the skull. This may occur as a result of an opening in
the back of the head or in front of the head during the development process in
the mother's womb. If there is brain tissue in the hernia, which is herniated
from here, it is called "encephalocele". Sometimes there is no brain
tissue in the hernial sac, only the brain membranes (meninges). In this case,
it is called "cranial meningocele". Hydrocephalus also accompanies
the condition, since circulation of cerebrospinal fluid can be impaired in
cephaloceles. Brain tissue that is advanced to the inside of the nose or
extending out of there is called "nasal encephalocele". Encephalocele
is a rare congenital anomaly. It is observed at rates of 1-5 in ten thousand
births.
The diagnosis is suspected in the presence of a mass on the
edge of the skull with ultrasound and in the presence of high MS-AFP values.
It is highly likely that cephalosel may be accompanied by other
anomalies.
If there is brain tissue (encephalocele) in the pouch, the
prognosis is worse, almost half death and substantial mental and neurological
damage will develop. If there is no brain tissue in the sac (cranial
meningocele), the prognosis may be better or even completely normal.
Treatment:
Treatment is possible with surgery in some patients where the
encephalocele is small and there are no accompanying fatal anomalies.
-FETAL SURGERY
-GASTROCHISIS - OMPHALOCELE
-HYDROCELE
-HYPERECOGENIC INTESTINE
-HEART ANOMALIES
